Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a predictor of unfavorable stage at presentation in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP). However, it is unknown if LVI may also predict cancer-specific mortality (CSM), especially in patients with localized SCCP in whom important differences in the treated natural history may exist.
We addressed this knowledge gap in localized (T1b-T2N0M0) SCCP patients treated with penectomy.
Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER 2010-2021), we identified localized SCCP patients treated with penectomy in whom LVI status was available. Kaplan-Meier analyses and multivariable Cox regression models (CRM) addressed CSM. Covariates consisted of age at diagnosis, T stage, penectomy type, and race/ethnicity.
Of 685 localized SCCP patients, 144 (21%) were LVI-positive. At three-years of follow-up CSM-free survival rates were 85% versus 69% in respectively LVI-negative versus LVI-positive patients (P < 0.001), which resulted in a univariable hazard ratio [HR] of 2.5 (P < 0.01). After multivariable adjustment in Cox regression models, LVI-positive status independently predicted a 2.6-fold higher CSM (P < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, LVI also independently predicted higher CSM in T1b (HR = 3.0; P = 0.01), as well as in T2 (HR= 2.5; P < 0.001) SCCP patients.
In localized SCCP patients, LVI is a highly significant independent predictor of higher CSM in both T1b and T2 stages and may warrant consideration for use in clinical practice.
Clinical genitourinary cancer. 2025 Feb 20 [Epub ahead of print]
Natali Rodriguez Peñaranda, Letizia Maria Ippolita Jannello, Francesco Di Bello, Carolin Siech, Mario de Angelis, Jordan A Goyal, Zhe Tian, Fred Saad, Shahrokh F Shariat, Nicola Longo, Felix K H Chun, Alberto Briganti, Ottavio de Cobelli, Stefano Di Bari, Stefano Puliatti, Salvatore Micali, Pierre I Karakiewicz
Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. Electronic address: ., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Urology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan., Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Urology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy., Department of Urology, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy., Department of Urology, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40101354