Bladder preservation after neoadjuvant therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer remains investigational. While randomized validation is awaited, growing prospective data, consensus standardization, and biomarker-driven strategies are transforming bladder-sparing strategies from an empirical alternative into a disciplined, evidence-maturing paradigm towards bladder-intact cure.
European urology focus. 2025 Nov 18 [Epub ahead of print]
Emanuele Crupi, Andrea Necchi, Ashish M Kamat
Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA., Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy., Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41261008