Renal & Vascular Diseases
Temporal Trends in Selecting Patients for Partial Nephrectomy for Small Renal Cell Carcinomas in Alberta, Canada.
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When technically feasible, partial nephrectomy (pN) is preferred over radical nephrectomy (rN) due to similar oncological control with preservation of renal function. Here, we evaluate the incorporation of pN into practice for small renal masses and examine the associated outcomes.
Inpp5e suppresses polycystic kidney disease via inhibition of PI3K/Akt-dependent mTORC1 signaling
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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common cause of renal failure with few effective treatments. INPP5E is an inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-generated PI(3,4,5)P3and is mutated in ciliopathy syndromes.
Considerations for a Primary Care Physician Assistant in Treating Kidney Transplant Recipients
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The escalating amount of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) represents a significant dilemma for primary care providers. As the number of physician assistants (PAs) has been steadily increasing in primary care in the United States, the utilization of these healthcare professionals presents a solution for the care of post-kidney transplant recipients.
Polyomavirus large T antigen is prevalent in urothelial carcinoma post-kidney transplant
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Viral pathogens have been associated with both infectious disease and neoplasia in transplant recipients. Polyomavirus is emerging as a potential causative agent for genitourinary tract cancer in post-kidney transplant patients.
Modulation of Immunity and Inflammation by the Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Aldosterone
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The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a ligand dependent transcription factor. MR has been traditionally associated with the control of water and electrolyte homeostasis in order to keep blood pressure through aldosterone activation.
Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults
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Renal vasculitis presents as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis which comprises of a group of conditions characterised by acute kidney injury (AKI), haematuria and proteinuria. Treatment of these conditions comprises steroid and non-steroid agents in combination with plasma exchange.
De Novo Solid Tumors After Kidney Transplantation: Is It Time for a Patient-Tailored Risk Assessment? Experience From a Single Center
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Progress in immunosuppressive therapy and perioperative techniques has improved the survivals of both grafts and patients. The patient, however, is exposed to the risks of aging and side effects of immunosuppression.
The Association between Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Survival after Renal Transplantation
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Several studies have reported beneficial cardiovascular effects of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. To date, no large studies have investigated the potential benefits of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in recipients of renal transplants.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of immunosuppressive drugs in elderly kidney transplant recipients
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Elderly patients are a fast growing population among transplant recipients over the past decades. Both the innate and adaptive immune reactivity decrease with age, which is believed to contribute to the decreased incidence of acute rejection and increased infectious death rate in elderly transplant recipients.
Functional Status, Time to Transplantation, and Survival Benefit of Kidney Transplantation Among Wait-Listed Candidates
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BACKGROUND - In the context of an aging end-stage renal disease population with multiple comorbid conditions, transplantation professionals face challenges in evaluating the global health of patients awaiting kidney transplantation. Functional status might be useful for identifying which patients will derive a survival benefit from transplantation versus dialysis.
Shared decision-making in end-stage renal disease: a protocol for a multi-center study of a communication intervention to improve end-of-life care for dialysis patients
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End-stage renal disease carries a prognosis similar to cancer yet only 20 % of end-stage renal disease patients are referred to hospice. Furthermore, conversations between dialysis team members and patients about end-of-life planning are uncommon.
Long term outcomes of transplantation using kidneys from expanded criteria donors: prospective, population based cohort study
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OBJECTIVES - To assess the long term outcomes of transplantation using expanded criteria donors (ECD; donors aged ≥60 years or aged 50-59 years with vascular comorbidities) and assess the main determinants of its prognosis.
Plasma proteomics classifiers improve risk prediction for renal disease in patients with hypertension or type 2 diabetes
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OBJECTIVE - Micro and macroalbuminuria are strong risk factors for progression of nephropathy in patients with hypertension or type 2 diabetes. Early detection of progression to micro and macroalbuminuria may facilitate prevention and treatment of renal diseases. We aimed to develop plasma proteomics classifiers to predict the development of micro or macroalbuminuria in hypertension or type 2 diabetes.
Haematuria in postrenal transplant patients
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Haematuria has a prevalence of 12% in the postrenal transplant patient population. It heralds potentially dangerous causes which could threaten graft loss. It is important to consider causes in light of the unique, urological, and immunological standpoints of these patients.
Will the future lie in multitude? A critical appraisal of biomarker panel studies on prediction of diabetic kidney disease progression
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Diabetic kidney disease is diagnosed and staged by albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Although albuminuria has strong predictive power for renal function decline, there is still variability in the rate of renal disease progression across individuals that are not fully captured by the level of albuminuria.
Serum uric acid and the risk of cardiovascular and renal disease
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Substantial evidence suggests that chronic hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for hypertension, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases.
Radical retropubic and perineal prostatectomy for clinically localised prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients
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OBJECTIVE - To analyse the functional and oncological outcome of consecutive renal-transplant recipients (RTRs) with clinically localised prostate cancer who underwent radical retropubic (RRP) or perineal (RPP) prostatectomy.
Cessation of immunosuppression during chemotherapy for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in renal transplant patients
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BACKGROUND: The optimal reduction of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in renal transplant patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) is uncertain. As chemotherapy is immunosuppressive, IST may be stopped during this time without compromising graft function. Subsequent long-term reduction of IST reduces relapse risk, but may increase risk of graft rejection.
Primary and secondary hyperoxaluria: Understanding the enigma - Abstract
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Hyperoxaluria is characterized by an increased urinary excretion of oxalate.
Survival and functional stability in chronic kidney disease due to surgical removal of nephrons: Importance of the new baseline glomerular filtration rate - Abstract
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BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be associated with a higher risk of progression to end-stage renal disease and mortality, but the etiology of nephron loss may modify this.