Renal masses are increasingly detected, necessitating accurate assessment of malignancy and aggressiveness to guide management. This review highlights key validated imaging biomarkers used to identify malignant renal masses, which can aid in characterization. Features associated with tumor aggressiveness including size, growth rate, infiltrative margins, and non-enhancing central areas, are discussed in detail. The development of Kidney Imaging-Reporting and Data Systems aims to unify classification of cystic and solid renal masses, integrating validated computed tomography and MR imaging features to assess both malignancy risk and biological aggressiveness.
Radiologic clinics of North America. 2025 May 14 [Epub]
Satheesh Krishna, Mayooran Kandasamy, Rajesh Bhayana, Nicola Schieda
Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Deparment of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Electronic address: ., Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Prince of Wales Hospital, Level 0, Campus Center, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia., Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1Y 1J8, Canada.