Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) and fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare and highly aggressive cancers. Although the combination of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition by bevacizumab and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition by erlotinib is clinically used for both diseases, the differential effect of each component has not been investigated. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that RMC and FH-deficient tumor tissues demonstrate increased EGFR but not VEGF expression compared with adjacent normal kidney. Subsequent in vitro studies revealed that RMC and FH-deficient cell lines are sensitive to erlotinib treatment, whereas clear cell RCC cell lines are resistant. We developed patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of tumors exposed to first-line therapies to represent treatment-experienced RMC and FH-deficient RCC models. These models were then used to determine tumor growth response to angiogenesis inhibition by bevacizumab alone or in combination with erlotinib. The FH-deficient RCC PDX model responded to either bevacizumab or erlotinib alone or in combination while the RMC PDX responded only to erlotinib consistent with clinical and preclinical data suggesting that RMC is refractory to angiogenesis inhibition. Statistically higher expression of EGFR was observed in the RMC PDX model compared to the FH-deficient model; while higher phosphorylated tyrosine-416 SRC expression was observed in FH-deficient PDX model compared to the RMC model. Our preclinical data suggest that EGFR signaling differentially modulates tumor growth in RMC and FH-deficient RCC and that angiogenesis inhibition is a valid target in FH-deficient RCC but not RMC.
Molecular cancer therapeutics. 2025 Jul 02 [Epub ahead of print]
Niki M Zacharias, Manuel Ozambela, Menuka Karki, Rong He, Pankaj K Chauhan, Pedro I Pesquera, Andres E Hernandez Gonzalez, Oscar Ochoa, Alberto Pieretti, Huiqin Chen, Carolyn De La Cerda, Zhiyuan Yu, Abha Grover, Samantha Hicks-Peña, Natalie W Fowlkes, Lei Wang, Tapati Maity, Priya Rao, Giannicola Genovese, Nizar M Tannir, Jose A Karam, Pavlos Msaouel
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States., Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, United States., University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States., Cleveland Clinic Weston, Weston, Florida, United States., UT M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States., The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States.